Saturday, December 7, 2024
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अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी ने सुल्तान का सिर भाले पर लटकाकर अवध के शहरों में घुमाया!

अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी ने सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन से चंदेरी पर अभियान करने की अनुमति मांगी और ऐलिचपुर को जीतने के बाद चुपचाप देवगिरि के समृद्ध राज्य की तरफ बढ़ गया जहाँ से अल्लाउद्दीन को अपार सम्पत्ति प्राप्त हुई।

कहा जाता है कि जब अल्लाउद्दीन, सुल्तान को बताये बिना देवगिरि का अभियान कर रहा था, उस समय सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन ग्वालियर में था। उसे अल्लाउद्दीन के इस गुप्त अभियान की सूचना मिल गई। इस पर सुल्तान के अमीरों ने सुल्तान को सलाह दी कि वह अल्लाउद्दीन का मार्ग रोककर उससे लूट का माल छीन ले किंतु सुल्तान ने ऐसा करने से मना कर दिया और दिल्ली चला गया।

सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन को आशा थी कि पहले की भाँति इस बार भी अल्लाउद्दीन लूट की सम्पूर्ण सम्पत्ति लेकर, सुल्तान की सेवा में उपस्थित होगा और उसे समर्पित कर देगा परन्तु इस बार अल्लाउद्दीन ने मालवा से कुछ दूरी तक दिल्ली की ओर चलने के बाद अचानक ही अपना मार्ग बदला और वह दिल्ली जाने की बजाय अपनी जागीर कड़ा-मानिकपुर की ओर मुड़ गया। कुछ ही दिनों बाद गंगाजी को पार करके वह कड़ा-मानिकपुर पहुंच गया।

जब सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन को यह सूचना मिली कि अल्लाउद्दीन दिल्ली आने की बजाय कड़ा-मानिकपुर जा रहा है तो सुल्तान ने अपने अमीरों की एक सभा बुलाई और उनसे इस विषय पर परामर्श मांगा।

सुल्तान के शुभचिन्तक अमीरों ने सुल्तान को समझाया कि अल्लाउद्दीन बड़ा ही महत्त्वाकांक्षी युवक है। उसकी दृष्टि सुल्तान के तख्त पर लगी है। अतः कठोर नीति का अनुसरण करने की आवश्यकता है। सुल्तान को चाहिए कि तुरंत एक विशाल सेना लेकर अल्लाउद्दीन के विरुद्ध अभियान करे तथा उससे सारी सम्पत्ति छीन ले।

इस रोचक इतिहास का वीडियो देखें-

सुल्तान के चाटुकार अमीरों ने इसके विपरीत सलाह दी तथा सुल्तान को समझाया कि यदि उसने ऐसा किया तो अल्लाउद्दीन तथा उसके साथी आतंकित होकर इधर-उधर भाग जायेंगे जिससे सारा धन तितर-बितर हो जायेगा। अतः सुल्तान को चाहिए कि वह अल्लाउद्दीन को बहला-फुसलाकर दिल्ली बुलाने का प्रयास करे। सुल्तान को इन चाटुकारों की सलाह पसन्द आयी और उसने इसी सलाह को व्यवहार में लाने का निश्चय किया।

अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी भी अपने चाचा एवं श्वसुर सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन की दुर्बलताओं से भली-भांति परिचित था। उसने खूनी शतरंज की बिसात बिछाई तथा सुल्तान को ठीक वैसे ही घेरकर मारने का निश्चय किया जैसे कि शतरंज के बादशाह को चकमा देकर मारा जाता है।

अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी ने सुल्तान के पास एक पत्र भेजा जिसमें अपने अपराध को स्वीकार किया और प्रार्थना की कि यदि उसे अभयदान मिल जाए तो वह लूट की सम्पत्ति के साथ सुल्तान की सेवा में उपस्थित होगा।

To purchase this book, please click on photo.

आशीर्वादी लाल श्रीवास्तव ने लिखा है कि अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी ने अपने भाई उलूग खाँ को सुल्तान के पास भेजा। उसकी मीठी-मीठी बातों से सुल्तान का अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी में विश्वास बढ़ गया। उलूग खाँ ने सुल्तान को विश्वास दिलाया कि अल्लाउद्दीन देवगिरि से जो अपार धनराशि लाया है, उसे आपको अर्पित करना चाहता है किंतु दिल्ली आने और आपके सम्मुख उपस्थित होने का उसे साहस नहीं होता क्योंकि उसने आपसे देवगिरि पर आक्रमण करने की आज्ञा नहीं ली थी।

सुल्तान अपने भतीजे जो कि दामाद भी था और पालित पुत्र भी, के प्रति प्रेम एवं उदारता की भावना के वशीभूत था। उसने अल्लाउद्दीन के पास क्षमादान भेज दिया। अल्लाउद्दीन ने सूचना-वाहकों को वापस दिल्ली नहीं लौटने दिया। इस पर भी सुल्तान की आँखें नहीं खुलीं।

अब अल्लाउद्दीन ने अपने भाई असलम बेग के पास एक पत्र भेजा जिसमें उसने लिखा कि वह इतना आतंकित हो गया है कि दरबार में आकर सुल्तान के समक्ष उपस्थित होने का साहस नहीं हो रहा है। उसका हृदय क्षोभ से इतना संतप्त है कि वह आत्महत्या करने के लिए उद्यत है। उसकी रक्षा का एकमात्र उपाय यही है कि सुल्तान स्वयं कड़ा आकर उसे क्षमा कर दे।

जब असलम बेग ने सुल्तान को यह पत्र दिखाया तब सुल्तान ने उससे कहा कि वह तुरन्त कड़ा जाकर अल्लाउद्दीन को आश्वासन दे। सुल्तान ने स्वयं भी कड़ा जाने का निश्चय किया। वह एक हजार सैनिकों के साथ नावों में बैठकर गंगा नदी के रास्ते कड़ा पहुंचा।

जब अल्लाउद्दीन ने सुना कि सुल्तान सेना लेकर आ रहा है तो उसने लूट की सम्पत्ति के साथ बंगाल भाग जाने की योजना बनाई परन्तु जब उसे यह ज्ञात हुआ कि सुल्तान केवल एक हजार सैनिकों के साथ आ रहा है, तब उसने बंगाल जाने का विचार त्याग दिया। उसने गंगा नदी को पार किया और दूसरे तट पर अपनी सेना को एकत्रित कर लिया। इसके बाद उसने अपने भाई असलम बेग को सुल्तान का स्वागत करने के लिए भेजा।

असलम बेग ने सुल्तान को सरलता से अल्लाउद्दीन के जाल में फँसा लिया। उसके कहने से सुल्तान ने अपने सैनिकों को पीछे छोड़ दिया और केवल थोड़े से अमीरों के साथ अल्लाउद्दीन से मिलने के लिए आगे बढ़ा। सुल्तान अपने पालित भतीजे के स्नेह में अंधा हो गया। उसने अल्लाउद्दीन को निःशंक बनाने के लिए अपने अमीरों के शस्त्र गंगाजी में फिंकवा दिए।

अल्लाउद्दीन ने सुल्तान के पैरों में गिरकर उसका स्वागत किया। प्रेम से लबालब सुल्तान ने अपने प्यारे भतीजे और दामाद को धरती से उठाकर गले से लगा लिया। जब सुल्तान जलालुद्दीन, अल्लाउद्दीन को अपने साथ लेकर अपनी नाव की ओर लौट रहा था, तब मुहम्मद सलीम नामक एक सैनिक ने सुल्तान को छुरा मार दिया।

सुल्तान घायल होकर नाव की ओर भागा, उसने चिल्लाकर कहा- ‘दुष्ट अल्लाउद्दीन! यह तूने क्या किया?’ परन्तु इक्तयारुद्दीन नामक एक दूसरे सैनिक ने सुल्तान को धरती पर गिराकर उसका सिर धड़ से अलग कर दिया। उसने सुल्तान का कटा हुआ सिर धरती से उठाकर अल्लाउद्दीन को उपहार की तरह भेंट किया। इस प्रकार 19 जुलाई 1296 को जलालुद्दीन खिलजी की जीवन-लीला समाप्त हो गई।

पाठकों को स्मरण होगा कि तुर्कों को भारत में शासन करते हुए अब सौ साल हो चुके थे और पिछले सौ सालों से तुर्की अमीर इसी तरह सुल्तानों के सिर काट-काट कर धरती पर गिरा रहे थे। उन्हें किसी शत्रु की आवश्यकता नहीं थी, वे स्वयं ही अपने शत्रु बने हुए थे।

जिस स्थान पर जलालुद्दीन का धड़ गिरा था, उसी स्थान पर अल्लाउद्दीन खिलजी की ताजपोशी की गई तथा उसे सुल्तान घोषित कर दिया गया। अल्लाउद्दीन के आदेश से सुल्तान का सिर भाले पर टांगा गया और उसे कड़ा-मानिकपुर एवं अवध के सूबों में घुमाया गया।

-डॉ. मोहनलाल गुप्ता

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